Acid reflux, medically known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is more than just an uncomfortable nuisance. While it’s commonly associated with symptoms like heartburn, regurgitation, and indigestion, its effects can extend beyond your digestive system – right into your mouth. The constant back flow of stomach acid not only irritates your oesophagus but also poses a serious threat to your dental health.
In this article, we’ll look at the signs of acid reflux on teeth & begin to understand the lesser-known dental consequences, helping you recognise the signs of acid reflux on teeth and understand what they mean for your oral well-being.
The Effects of GERD on the Throat, Mouth, & Teeth
While acid reflux is often associated with discomfort in the chest and oesophagus, its impact can extend further up into the throat, mouth, and teeth. When stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus, it can reach the throat and oral cavity, leading to several complications that are not always immediately linked to GERD.
How Acid Reflux Affects the Throat & Mouth:
The acidic contents of the stomach can irritate the lining of the throat, causing a sore throat, hoarseness, or a persistent cough. This condition, often referred to as laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), can also lead to a sensation of a lump in the throat or difficulty swallowing. These symptoms are particularly common in individuals who experience “silent reflux”, where typical heartburn symptoms are absent, making it harder to diagnose.
How Acid Reflux Affects Your Teeth:
When stomach acid reaches the mouth, it can have a direct and damaging effect on your teeth. The enamel, which is the protective outer layer of your teeth, is highly susceptible to acid erosion. Over time, repeated exposure to acid can wear away the enamel, leading to increased tooth sensitivity, discolouration, and even an increased risk of cavities. This erosion may also cause the teeth to become thinner and more brittle, making them more prone to chips and cracks. These are the most common clear signs of acid reflux on teeth.
Recognising these oral symptoms is crucial because they may be the first visible signs of acid reflux, even before digestive symptoms become apparent. Addressing the dental impact of GERD early can prevent more serious damage and help manage the condition effectively.
Key Signs of Acid Reflux on Teeth
So, we’ve covered the causes and the general impact acid reflux can have on your oral health. But what do teeth affected by acid reflux look like? Let’s take a look into the telltale symptoms that could indicate GERD is affecting your teeth:
Tooth Sensitivity
One of the first signs of acid reflux affecting your teeth is increased sensitivity to hot or cold foods and drinks. This sensitivity occurs as stomach acid erodes the enamel, exposing the dentin beneath, which is more sensitive to temperature changes. If you experience sudden tooth sensitivity with no other obvious cause, acid reflux may be to blame.
Frequent Cavities or Tooth Decay
Constant acid exposure can weaken your teeth’s enamel, making them more susceptible to cavities and decay. This increased vulnerability might lead to more frequent dental treatments, even with good oral hygiene. If you notice a rise in cavities, acid reflux could be a contributing factor.
How to Prevent Tooth Damage from Acid Reflux
Dietary Changes
Avoid foods and drinks that trigger acid reflux, such as spicy foods, citrus, and caffeine. Eating smaller, more frequent meals can also reduce acid production.
Proper Oral Hygiene
Brush your teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and floss daily to remove plaque and strengthen enamel. Avoid brushing immediately after acid exposure; rinse with water first to neutralise the acid.
Use Fluoride Toothpaste
Fluoride helps to strengthen enamel and protect against acid erosion. Opt for a fluoride toothpaste to bolster your teeth’s defences.
Consider Medication Adjustments
If you’re on medication for GERD, talk to your doctor about options that might reduce acid production and minimise dental harm.
Addressing Signs of Acid Reflux on Teeth: What Can Dentists Do?
So, we’ve discussed how acid reflux impacts your teeth, identified key signs of acid reflux on teeth & what to watch for, and explored ways to prevent further damage. But what happens if GERD has already taken a toll on your dental health? Here’s how dentists can help reverse and manage the effects of GERD-related damage:
Assessment and Diagnosis
Your dentist will start with a comprehensive evaluation to determine the extent of enamel erosion and other issues caused by acid reflux. This may involve visual inspections, X-rays, and digital imaging to assess the full impact on your dental health.
Fluoride Treatments
Professional fluoride treatments are used to strengthen and re-mineralise weakened enamel. These treatments are more potent than fluoride toothpaste and can provide significant protection against further acid damage.
Dental Sealants
Sealants are applied to the chewing surfaces of your teeth to act as a barrier against acids. This protective coating helps prevent additional erosion and decay by shielding your teeth from harmful substances.
Bonding and Restorations
For teeth that have been significantly damaged, dentists may use bonding materials or place crowns and veneers. These restorations not only improve the appearance of your teeth but also protect and reinforce them against further damage.
By seeking professional dental care, you can effectively manage and reverse some of the damage caused by GERD, ensuring your teeth remain healthy and strong.
We hope that the information in this article helps you to understand the signs of acid reflux on teeth & how it can effect oral health and some of the steps you can take to prevent or fix any issues you have with GERD.